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EVIDENCE STUDIES · NO. 001 · 2026-11-05

Between the 2026 rounds, turnout fell in all 7 Northern states and rose in 18 of the other 20.

From round 1 to round 2, the share of registered voters who voted rose nationally (from 78.92% to 80.78%), but not everywhere. Every Northern state recorded a drop; outside the North, only Maranhão and Piauí fell. The study shows where and by how much, and what the data does not allow us to say.

Author
Thiago Holtz, Reveno Evidence
Published
Data
TSE: cases BR-PRES-2026 and BR-PRES-2022
License
CC BY 4.0

The numbers

  1. −8.06 pp

    largest turnout drop between rounds, in Amapá. Next come Roraima (−6.02 pp) and Acre (−5.65 pp).

    Derived See Fig. 1

  2. +3.26 pp

    largest rise among the states, in Bahia. Next come Pernambuco (+2.98 pp) and São Paulo (+2.73 pp). Abroad, +4.32 pp, from a base of 37.29%.

    Derived See Fig. 1

  3. −1.86 pp

    change in abstention from round 1 to round 2 in 2026 (from 21.08% to 19.22%). In 2022, −0.36 pp.

    Derived See Fig. 2

  4. 21:48

    time at which states with a closed round 2 count passed half of registered voters in 2026. In 2022, 21:37.

    Derived See Fig. 3

1. Turnout by state, from round 1 to round 2

Turnout is the share of registered voters who voted. The change is the difference, in percentage points (pp), between round 2 and round 1 in the same state. Teal marks a rise; copper, a drop. Color shows the direction of change, not a candidate or party.

Fig. 1a
Change in turnout between the 2026 rounds, by stateGrid cartogram. 7 Northern states in copper (drop); largest drop Amapá, −8.06 pp. Equivalent table on the page.Change in turnout between the 2026rounds, by statePercentage points of registered voters,round 2 minus round 1. Every state gets thesame space.Evidence state: DERIVED from official TSEfiles.Acre: 79.57% in round 1, 73.92% in round 2 (−5.65 pp)AC−5.6Alagoas: 79.37% in round 1, 79.92% in round 2 (+0.54 pp)AL+0.5Amapá: 82.59% in round 1, 74.53% in round 2 (−8.06 pp)AP−8.1Amazonas: 79.84% in round 1, 78.33% in round 2 (−1.52 pp)AM−1.5Bahia: 80.03% in round 1, 83.29% in round 2 (+3.26 pp)BA+3.3Ceará: 84.48% in round 1, 86.11% in round 2 (+1.63 pp)CE+1.6Federal District: 81.10% in round 1, 82.70% in round 2 (+1.61 pp)DF+1.6Espírito Santo: 78.63% in round 1, 80.53% in round 2 (+1.91 pp)ES+1.9Goiás: 78.17% in round 1, 79.66% in round 2 (+1.49 pp)GO+1.5Maranhão: 80.27% in round 1, 79.64% in round 2 (−0.63 pp)MA−0.6Mato Grosso: 77.80% in round 1, 79.05% in round 2 (+1.26 pp)MT+1.3Mato Grosso do Sul: 76.13% in round 1, 78.76% in round 2 (+2.63 pp)MS+2.6Minas Gerais: 77.19% in round 1, 79.67% in round 2 (+2.49 pp)MG+2.5Pará: 80.90% in round 1, 79.68% in round 2 (−1.22 pp)PA−1.2Paraíba: 82.62% in round 1, 84.46% in round 2 (+1.84 pp)PB+1.8Paraná: 79.43% in round 1, 81.96% in round 2 (+2.53 pp)PR+2.5Pernambuco: 81.83% in round 1, 84.82% in round 2 (+2.98 pp)PE+3.0Piauí: 82.85% in round 1, 82.81% in round 2 (−0.04 pp)PI−0.0Rio de Janeiro: 76.68% in round 1, 78.38% in round 2 (+1.69 pp)RJ+1.7Rio Grande do Norte: 81.62% in round 1, 83.94% in round 2 (+2.32 pp)RN+2.3Rio Grande do Sul: 78.65% in round 1, 80.84% in round 2 (+2.19 pp)RS+2.2Rondônia: 78.29% in round 1, 78.08% in round 2 (−0.21 pp)RO−0.2Roraima: 82.88% in round 1, 76.85% in round 2 (−6.02 pp)RR−6.0Santa Catarina: 81.05% in round 1, 83.04% in round 2 (+1.99 pp)SC+2.0São Paulo: 77.46% in round 1, 80.19% in round 2 (+2.73 pp)SP+2.7Sergipe: 82.70% in round 1, 84.29% in round 2 (+1.59 pp)SE+1.6Tocantins: 81.66% in round 1, 80.77% in round 2 (−0.88 pp)TO−0.9fell 4 pp or morefell 2 to 4 ppfell 0.5 to 2 ppless than 0.5 pprose 0.5 to 2 pprose 2 to 4 pprose 4 pp or moreSource: TSE, BR-PRES-2026, manifest SHA-256890aa5af2220. Grid: Reveno positions, onecell per state.Reveno Evidence · evidence.reveno.com.br/en/studies/turnout-between-rounds-2026/
Derived Change in turnout between the 2026 rounds, by state Download SVG
Fig. 1b
Turnout in round 1 and round 2 of 2026, by stateDumbbells of turnout in round 1 and round 2 by state, sorted by change. Largest drop Amapá; largest rise Bahia. Equivalent table on the page.Turnout in round 1 and round 2 of 2026, by stateShare of registered voters who voted. Hollow circle: round 1; filled: round 2.Evidence state: DERIVED from official TSE files.70%75%80%85%90%Brazil, round 2: 80.78%Round 1Round 2change, ppAcre: 79.57% in round 1, 73.92% in round 2 (−5.65 pp)Acre−5.65Alagoas: 79.37% in round 1, 79.92% in round 2 (+0.54 pp)Alagoas+0.54Amapá: 82.59% in round 1, 74.53% in round 2 (−8.06 pp)Amapá−8.06Amazonas: 79.84% in round 1, 78.33% in round 2 (−1.52 pp)Amazonas−1.52Bahia: 80.03% in round 1, 83.29% in round 2 (+3.26 pp)Bahia+3.26Ceará: 84.48% in round 1, 86.11% in round 2 (+1.63 pp)Ceará+1.63Federal District: 81.10% in round 1, 82.70% in round 2 (+1.61 pp)Federal District+1.61Espírito Santo: 78.63% in round 1, 80.53% in round 2 (+1.91 pp)Espírito Santo+1.91Goiás: 78.17% in round 1, 79.66% in round 2 (+1.49 pp)Goiás+1.49Maranhão: 80.27% in round 1, 79.64% in round 2 (−0.63 pp)Maranhão−0.63Mato Grosso: 77.80% in round 1, 79.05% in round 2 (+1.26 pp)Mato Grosso+1.26Mato Grosso do Sul: 76.13% in round 1, 78.76% in round 2 (+2.63 pp)Mato Grosso do Sul+2.63Minas Gerais: 77.19% in round 1, 79.67% in round 2 (+2.49 pp)Minas Gerais+2.49Pará: 80.90% in round 1, 79.68% in round 2 (−1.22 pp)Pará−1.22Paraíba: 82.62% in round 1, 84.46% in round 2 (+1.84 pp)Paraíba+1.84Paraná: 79.43% in round 1, 81.96% in round 2 (+2.53 pp)Paraná+2.53Pernambuco: 81.83% in round 1, 84.82% in round 2 (+2.98 pp)Pernambuco+2.98Piauí: 82.85% in round 1, 82.81% in round 2 (−0.04 pp)Piauí−0.04Rio de Janeiro: 76.68% in round 1, 78.38% in round 2 (+1.69 pp)Rio de Janeiro+1.69Rio Grande do Norte: 81.62% in round 1, 83.94% in round 2 (+2.32 pp)Rio Grande do Norte+2.32Rio Grande do Sul: 78.65% in round 1, 80.84% in round 2 (+2.19 pp)Rio Grande do Sul+2.19Rondônia: 78.29% in round 1, 78.08% in round 2 (−0.21 pp)Rondônia−0.21Roraima: 82.88% in round 1, 76.85% in round 2 (−6.02 pp)Roraima−6.02Santa Catarina: 81.05% in round 1, 83.04% in round 2 (+1.99 pp)Santa Catarina+1.99São Paulo: 77.46% in round 1, 80.19% in round 2 (+2.73 pp)São Paulo+2.73Sergipe: 82.70% in round 1, 84.29% in round 2 (+1.59 pp)Sergipe+1.59Tocantins: 81.66% in round 1, 80.77% in round 2 (−0.88 pp)Tocantins−0.88Abroad: 37.29% in round 1, 41.61% in round 2 (+4.32 pp)Abroadoff scale: 37.29% to 41.61%+4.32Source: TSE, BR-PRES-2026, manifest SHA-256 890aa5af2220. Turnout = turnout /registered voters, in each round.Reveno Evidence · evidence.reveno.com.br/en/studies/turnout-between-rounds-2026/
Derived Turnout in round 1 and round 2 of 2026, by state Download SVG
See the table
Turnout by state and abroad, by round, 2026.
StateRegionRegistered voters (round 2)Turnout, round 1Turnout, round 2Change (pp)
AmapáNorth576,91082.59%74.53%−8.06
RoraimaNorth401,54082.88%76.85%−6.02
AcreNorth613,71579.57%73.92%−5.65
AmazonasNorth2,798,66179.84%78.33%−1.52
ParáNorth6,262,06380.90%79.68%−1.22
TocantinsNorth1,182,04181.66%80.77%−0.88
MaranhãoNortheast5,183,04980.27%79.64%−0.63
RondôniaNorth1,265,92678.29%78.08%−0.21
PiauíNortheast2,704,69582.85%82.81%−0.04
AlagoasNortheast2,442,08179.37%79.92%+0.54
Mato GrossoCenter-West2,637,87977.80%79.05%+1.26
GoiásCenter-West5,080,38578.17%79.66%+1.49
SergipeNortheast1,740,09382.70%84.29%+1.59
Federal DistrictCenter-West2,258,99581.10%82.70%+1.61
CearáNortheast6,996,52184.48%86.11%+1.63
Rio de JaneiroSoutheast12,857,52676.68%78.38%+1.69
ParaíbaNortheast3,248,43482.62%84.46%+1.84
Espírito SantoSoutheast2,991,51578.63%80.53%+1.91
Santa CatarinaSouth5,734,68781.05%83.04%+1.99
Rio Grande do SulSouth8,522,31878.65%80.84%+2.19
Rio Grande do NorteNortheast2,659,86781.62%83.94%+2.32
Minas GeraisSoutheast16,372,14477.19%79.67%+2.49
ParanáSouth8,613,62879.43%81.96%+2.53
Mato Grosso do SulCenter-West2,024,43776.13%78.76%+2.63
São PauloSoutheast34,123,59177.46%80.19%+2.73
PernambucoNortheast7,223,22781.83%84.82%+2.98
BahiaNortheast11,312,89180.03%83.29%+3.26
AbroadAbroad916,68337.29%41.61%+4.32

2. Abstention in both cycles

Abstention is the share of registered voters who did not vote. The slope of each line shows the change between rounds in the same year.

Fig. 2
Abstention in round 1 and round 2, 2022 and 2026 presidential electionsSlope of national abstention between rounds: 2022 from 20.95% to 20.58%; 2026 from 21.08% to 19.22%.Abstention in round 1 and round 2, 2022 and 2026presidential electionsShare of registered voters, Brazil. Dashed line: 2022; solid: 2026.Evidence state: DERIVED from official TSE files.19%20%21%22%Round 1Round 22022, Round 1: 20.95%2022, Round 2: 20.58% (−0.36 pp)2022 · 20.95%20.58% −0.36 pp2026, Round 1: 21.08%2026, Round 2: 19.22% (−1.86 pp)2026 · 21.08%19.22% −1.86 ppSource: TSE, BR-PRES-2026 (manifest 890aa5af2220) and BR-PRES-2022(manifest 9bf8dbdc34a8).Reveno Evidence ·evidence.reveno.com.br/en/studies/turnout-between-rounds-2026/
Derived Abstention in round 1 and round 2, 2022 and 2026 presidential elections Download SVG
See the table
Abstention in Brazil by round, 2022 and 2026.
YearRoundRegistered votersAbstentionAbstention (% of registered voters)
2022Round 1156,454,01132,770,98220.95%
2022Round 2156,454,01132,200,55820.58%
2026Round 1158,745,50233,469,24421.08%
2026Round 2158,745,50230,509,00519.22%

3. Counting night

Each step is a state (or abroad) whose count closed, at the time the TSE file records (UTC−03:00). The height is the share of registered voters already covered.

Fig. 3
Share of registered voters with a closed count, 2022 and 2026Round 2 counting curves: half of registered voters at 21:48 in 2026 and at 21:37 in 2022. Equivalent table on the page.Share of registered voters with a closed count, 2022 and 2026TSE file time on each election day (UTC−03:00). Closings after 3 a.m. appear in theband on the right.Evidence state: DERIVED from official TSE files.0%25%50%75%100%17h19h21h23h01hlaterhalf of registered voters2022 · Federal District: closed at 10-02 20:36, 1.4% of registered voters covered2022 · Espírito Santo: closed at 10-02 20:41, 3.3% of registered voters covered2022 · Roraima: closed at 10-02 21:07, 3.5% of registered voters covered2022 · Tocantins: closed at 10-02 21:48, 4.2% of registered voters covered2022 · Rio Grande do Sul: closed at 10-02 22:25, 9.7% of registered voters covered2022 · Mato Grosso do Sul: closed at 10-02 22:26, 11.0% of registered voters covered2022 · Santa Catarina: closed at 10-02 22:34, 14.5% of registered voters covered2022 · Goiás: closed at 10-02 22:47, 17.6% of registered voters covered2022 · Sergipe: closed at 10-02 22:52, 18.7% of registered voters covered2022 · São Paulo: closed at 10-02 23:00, 40.8% of registered voters covered2022 · Alagoas: closed at 10-02 23:07, 42.3% of registered voters covered2022 · Paraíba: closed at 10-02 23:07, 44.3% of registered voters covered2022 · Amapá: closed at 10-02 23:14, 44.7% of registered voters covered2022 · Acre: closed at 10-02 23:19, 45.0% of registered voters covered2022 · Mato Grosso: closed at 10-02 23:45, 46.6% of registered voters covered2022 · Rio de Janeiro: closed at 10-03 00:19, 54.8% of registered voters covered2022 · Minas Gerais: closed at 10-03 00:20, 65.2% of registered voters covered2022 · Rondônia: closed at 10-03 00:21, 66.0% of registered voters covered2022 · Rio Grande do Norte: closed at 10-03 00:38, 67.6% of registered voters covered2022 · Pernambuco: closed at 10-03 00:54, 72.1% of registered voters covered2022 · Ceará: closed at 10-03 00:57, 76.5% of registered voters covered2022 · Maranhão: closed at 10-03 02:11, 79.7% of registered voters covered2022 · Pará: closed at 10-03 02:15, 83.6% of registered voters covered2022 · Bahia: closed at 10-03 03:24, 90.8% of registered voters covered2022 · Paraná: closed at 10-03 04:44, 96.2% of registered voters covered2022 · Piauí: closed at 10-03 05:14, 97.9% of registered voters covered2022 · Abroad: closed at 10-03 18:37, 98.3% of registered voters covered2022 · Amazonas: closed at 10-04 10:27, 100.0% of registered voters covered2022: 00:192026 · Acre: closed at 10-04 18:54, 0.4% of registered voters covered2026 · Rondônia: closed at 10-04 19:49, 1.2% of registered voters covered2026 · Mato Grosso do Sul: closed at 10-04 20:02, 2.5% of registered voters covered2026 · Roraima: closed at 10-04 20:05, 2.7% of registered voters covered2026 · Federal District: closed at 10-04 20:11, 4.1% of registered voters covered2026 · Mato Grosso: closed at 10-04 20:21, 5.8% of registered voters covered2026 · Tocantins: closed at 10-04 20:54, 6.5% of registered voters covered2026 · Espírito Santo: closed at 10-04 20:55, 8.4% of registered voters covered2026 · Amapá: closed at 10-04 21:02, 8.8% of registered voters covered2026 · Rio Grande do Sul: closed at 10-04 21:04, 14.2% of registered voters covered2026 · Santa Catarina: closed at 10-04 21:53, 17.8% of registered voters covered2026 · Sergipe: closed at 10-04 21:55, 18.9% of registered voters covered2026 · Rio de Janeiro: closed at 10-04 22:04, 27.0% of registered voters covered2026 · Goiás: closed at 10-04 22:35, 30.2% of registered voters covered2026 · Pernambuco: closed at 10-04 22:39, 34.7% of registered voters covered2026 · Paraná: closed at 10-04 22:40, 40.1% of registered voters covered2026 · São Paulo: closed at 10-04 22:47, 61.6% of registered voters covered2026 · Rio Grande do Norte: closed at 10-04 22:50, 63.3% of registered voters covered2026 · Alagoas: closed at 10-04 22:53, 64.9% of registered voters covered2026 · Ceará: closed at 10-04 23:09, 69.3% of registered voters covered2026 · Paraíba: closed at 10-04 23:21, 71.3% of registered voters covered2026 · Piauí: closed at 10-04 23:35, 73.0% of registered voters covered2026 · Pará: closed at 10-04 23:55, 77.0% of registered voters covered2026 · Bahia: closed at 10-05 00:39, 84.1% of registered voters covered2026 · Minas Gerais: closed at 10-05 00:45, 94.4% of registered voters covered2026 · Amazonas: closed at 10-05 00:58, 96.2% of registered voters covered2026 · Maranhão: closed at 10-05 01:56, 99.4% of registered voters covered2026 · Abroad: closed at 10-05 09:19, 100.0% of registered voters covered2026: 22:472022 · Espírito Santo: closed at 10-30 19:09, 1.9% of registered voters covered2022 · Mato Grosso do Sul: closed at 10-30 19:12, 3.1% of registered voters covered2022 · Tocantins: closed at 10-30 19:37, 3.8% of registered voters covered2022 · Paraíba: closed at 10-30 19:45, 5.8% of registered voters covered2022 · Sergipe: closed at 10-30 19:53, 6.9% of registered voters covered2022 · Federal District: closed at 10-30 19:59, 8.3% of registered voters covered2022 · Rondônia: closed at 10-30 19:59, 9.1% of registered voters covered2022 · Rio Grande do Norte: closed at 10-30 20:05, 10.7% of registered voters covered2022 · Alagoas: closed at 10-30 20:08, 12.2% of registered voters covered2022 · Rio Grande do Sul: closed at 10-30 20:33, 17.7% of registered voters covered2022 · Mato Grosso: closed at 10-30 20:42, 19.3% of registered voters covered2022 · Rio de Janeiro: closed at 10-30 20:44, 27.5% of registered voters covered2022 · Ceará: closed at 10-30 20:50, 31.8% of registered voters covered2022 · Roraima: closed at 10-30 20:58, 32.1% of registered voters covered2022 · Pernambuco: closed at 10-30 21:02, 36.5% of registered voters covered2022 · Santa Catarina: closed at 10-30 21:16, 40.1% of registered voters covered2022 · Goiás: closed at 10-30 21:37, 43.2% of registered voters covered2022 · São Paulo: closed at 10-30 21:37, 65.3% of registered voters covered2022 · Minas Gerais: closed at 10-30 21:44, 75.8% of registered voters covered2022 · Bahia: closed at 10-30 21:48, 83.0% of registered voters covered2022 · Paraná: closed at 10-30 21:49, 88.4% of registered voters covered2022 · Maranhão: closed at 10-30 22:13, 91.6% of registered voters covered2022 · Piauí: closed at 10-30 22:21, 93.3% of registered voters covered2022 · Acre: closed at 10-30 22:29, 93.6% of registered voters covered2022 · Abroad: closed at 10-30 22:31, 94.1% of registered voters covered2022 · Amapá: closed at 10-30 22:55, 94.4% of registered voters covered2022 · Pará: closed at 10-30 22:57, 98.3% of registered voters covered2022 · Amazonas: closed at 10-31 00:18, 100.0% of registered voters covered2022: 21:372026 · Acre: closed at 10-25 19:18, 0.4% of registered voters covered2026 · Rondônia: closed at 10-25 20:09, 1.2% of registered voters covered2026 · Roraima: closed at 10-25 20:12, 1.4% of registered voters covered2026 · Mato Grosso do Sul: closed at 10-25 20:29, 2.7% of registered voters covered2026 · Mato Grosso: closed at 10-25 20:50, 4.4% of registered voters covered2026 · Santa Catarina: closed at 10-25 21:07, 8.0% of registered voters covered2026 · Amazonas: closed at 10-25 21:08, 9.7% of registered voters covered2026 · Amapá: closed at 10-25 21:10, 10.1% of registered voters covered2026 · Rio Grande do Norte: closed at 10-25 21:19, 11.8% of registered voters covered2026 · Paraná: closed at 10-25 21:21, 17.2% of registered voters covered2026 · Federal District: closed at 10-25 21:23, 18.6% of registered voters covered2026 · Piauí: closed at 10-25 21:25, 20.3% of registered voters covered2026 · Alagoas: closed at 10-25 21:27, 21.9% of registered voters covered2026 · Tocantins: closed at 10-25 21:30, 22.6% of registered voters covered2026 · Espírito Santo: closed at 10-25 21:31, 24.5% of registered voters covered2026 · Rio Grande do Sul: closed at 10-25 21:32, 29.9% of registered voters covered2026 · Sergipe: closed at 10-25 21:32, 31.0% of registered voters covered2026 · Goiás: closed at 10-25 21:33, 34.2% of registered voters covered2026 · Ceará: closed at 10-25 21:45, 38.6% of registered voters covered2026 · São Paulo: closed at 10-25 21:48, 60.1% of registered voters covered2026 · Paraíba: closed at 10-25 21:59, 62.1% of registered voters covered2026 · Pernambuco: closed at 10-25 22:02, 66.7% of registered voters covered2026 · Rio de Janeiro: closed at 10-25 22:18, 74.8% of registered voters covered2026 · Pará: closed at 10-25 22:24, 78.7% of registered voters covered2026 · Maranhão: closed at 10-25 22:45, 82.0% of registered voters covered2026 · Minas Gerais: closed at 10-25 23:08, 92.3% of registered voters covered2026 · Bahia: closed at 10-25 23:21, 99.4% of registered voters covered2026 · Abroad: closed at 10-26 09:05, 100.0% of registered voters covered2026: 21:4820222026Without script, the drawing shows round 2; the table has both rounds.Source: TSE, 2026 coverage files (manifest 890aa5af2220) and 2022 Open Data (manifest9bf8dbdc34a8).Reveno Evidence · evidence.reveno.com.br/en/studies/turnout-between-rounds-2026/
Derived Share of registered voters with a closed count, 2022 and 2026 Download SVG
See the table
Count closing by scope, by round, 2022 and 2026.
YearRoundOrderScopeClosed atCumulative share of registered voters
2026Round 11Acre0.4%
2026Round 12Rondônia1.2%
2026Round 13Mato Grosso do Sul2.5%
2026Round 14Roraima2.7%
2026Round 15Federal District4.1%
2026Round 16Mato Grosso5.8%
2026Round 17Tocantins6.5%
2026Round 18Espírito Santo8.4%
2026Round 19Amapá8.8%
2026Round 110Rio Grande do Sul14.2%
2026Round 111Santa Catarina17.8%
2026Round 112Sergipe18.9%
2026Round 113Rio de Janeiro27.0%
2026Round 114Goiás30.2%
2026Round 115Pernambuco34.7%
2026Round 116Paraná40.1%
2026Round 117São Paulo61.6%
2026Round 118Rio Grande do Norte63.3%
2026Round 119Alagoas64.9%
2026Round 120Ceará69.3%
2026Round 121Paraíba71.3%
2026Round 122Piauí73.0%
2026Round 123Pará77.0%
2026Round 124Bahia84.1%
2026Round 125Minas Gerais94.4%
2026Round 126Amazonas96.2%
2026Round 127Maranhão99.4%
2026Round 128Abroad100.0%
2026Round 21Acre0.4%
2026Round 22Rondônia1.2%
2026Round 23Roraima1.4%
2026Round 24Mato Grosso do Sul2.7%
2026Round 25Mato Grosso4.4%
2026Round 26Santa Catarina8.0%
2026Round 27Amazonas9.7%
2026Round 28Amapá10.1%
2026Round 29Rio Grande do Norte11.8%
2026Round 210Paraná17.2%
2026Round 211Federal District18.6%
2026Round 212Piauí20.3%
2026Round 213Alagoas21.9%
2026Round 214Tocantins22.6%
2026Round 215Espírito Santo24.5%
2026Round 216Rio Grande do Sul29.9%
2026Round 217Sergipe31.0%
2026Round 218Goiás34.2%
2026Round 219Ceará38.6%
2026Round 220São Paulo60.1%
2026Round 221Paraíba62.1%
2026Round 222Pernambuco66.7%
2026Round 223Rio de Janeiro74.8%
2026Round 224Pará78.7%
2026Round 225Maranhão82.0%
2026Round 226Minas Gerais92.3%
2026Round 227Bahia99.4%
2026Round 228Abroad100.0%
2022Round 11Federal District1.4%
2022Round 12Espírito Santo3.3%
2022Round 13Roraima3.5%
2022Round 14Tocantins4.2%
2022Round 15Rio Grande do Sul9.7%
2022Round 16Mato Grosso do Sul11.0%
2022Round 17Santa Catarina14.5%
2022Round 18Goiás17.6%
2022Round 19Sergipe18.7%
2022Round 110São Paulo40.8%
2022Round 111Alagoas42.3%
2022Round 112Paraíba44.3%
2022Round 113Amapá44.7%
2022Round 114Acre45.0%
2022Round 115Mato Grosso46.6%
2022Round 116Rio de Janeiro54.8%
2022Round 117Minas Gerais65.2%
2022Round 118Rondônia66.0%
2022Round 119Rio Grande do Norte67.6%
2022Round 120Pernambuco72.1%
2022Round 121Ceará76.5%
2022Round 122Maranhão79.7%
2022Round 123Pará83.6%
2022Round 124Bahia90.8%
2022Round 125Paraná96.2%
2022Round 126Piauí97.9%
2022Round 127Abroad98.3%
2022Round 128Amazonas100.0%
2022Round 21Espírito Santo1.9%
2022Round 22Mato Grosso do Sul3.1%
2022Round 23Tocantins3.8%
2022Round 24Paraíba5.8%
2022Round 25Sergipe6.9%
2022Round 26Federal District8.3%
2022Round 27Rondônia9.1%
2022Round 28Rio Grande do Norte10.7%
2022Round 29Alagoas12.2%
2022Round 210Rio Grande do Sul17.7%
2022Round 211Mato Grosso19.3%
2022Round 212Rio de Janeiro27.5%
2022Round 213Ceará31.8%
2022Round 214Roraima32.1%
2022Round 215Pernambuco36.5%
2022Round 216Santa Catarina40.1%
2022Round 217Goiás43.2%
2022Round 218São Paulo65.3%
2022Round 219Minas Gerais75.8%
2022Round 220Bahia83.0%
2022Round 221Paraná88.4%
2022Round 222Maranhão91.6%
2022Round 223Piauí93.3%
2022Round 224Acre93.6%
2022Round 225Abroad94.1%
2022Round 226Amapá94.4%
2022Round 227Pará98.3%
2022Round 228Amazonas100.0%

Method and limits

Registered voters, turnout and abstention for every state and for Brazil come from the TSE consolidated result file of each round, with the SHA-256 checked at every publication. Closing times come from the TSE coverage files (2026) and TSE Open Data (2022). The formulas above are the only calculations; no number was typed.

turnout_pct = 100 × turnout / registered_voters
change_pp = turnout_pct_round2 − turnout_pct_round1
abstention_pct = 100 × abstention / registered_voters
cumulative_share(t) = registered voters of scopes closed by t / total registered voters

What the data does not allow us to say

  • The data says how much turnout changed, not why. Weather, travel, transport and interest are not in the files and are not inferred here.
  • Turnout is counted by state; the study says nothing about municipalities, zones or people.
  • Voting abroad has a small base and much lower turnout; it is off the scale in Fig. 1 and reported separately.
  • Fig. 3 times are those recorded in the file, not the moment results were announced.
  • A change in turnout does not indicate an advantage for any candidate.

Authorship and review

Written by Thiago Holtz for Reveno Evidence and published on November 5, 2026. Internal review; no independent review yet. Corrections are added here, dated, without deleting the previous version.

History

  • Version 1, November 5, 2026: publication.

About this data

What it measures
Turnout and abstention by state and in Brazil in both 2026 rounds, national abstention in 2022 and the count closing time by scope, in 2022 and 2026.
Source
Brazil's Superior Electoral Court (TSE): 56 consolidated result files for 2026 (one per scope and round), listed in the 2026 case manifest, and the 2022 case manifest.
Unit
Share of registered voters; percentage points (pp) for change; file time (UTC−03:00).
Period
2022 presidential election (October 2 and 30) and 2026 (October 4 and 25).
Last collected
Next scheduled collection
Not applicable: the study is a dated edition. If the TSE files change, the page says so and recalculates.
Maintained by
Thiago Holtz, Reveno Evidence
Evidence state
Derived
Version
Case manifests: 2026 890aa5af22204752, 2022 9bf8dbdc34a88f3d
License
Text, figures and calculations of this study: CC BY 4.0, with attribution to Reveno Evidence and a link to this page. Source data: Brazil's Superior Electoral Court (TSE), public data, under the court's terms.

Download the data

  1. What is on screen

    The tables on this page as CSV, with unformatted numbers and the evidence state of every row.

  2. The full set, with a manifest

    A ZIP with every file behind the page, a README with the citation and license, and a manifest with the SHA-256 of each file.

  3. For machines

    A JSON at a stable address, with metadata, citation, tables and sources. The address does not change between publications; the content changes when the collection changes.

    • dados.json JSON · 4.5 kB · SHA-256 9a445ff409c9https://evidence.reveno.com.br/estudos/comparecimento-entre-turnos-2026/dados.json

How to cite

Short citation for a chart or table caption, or a note

TSE (2026), processed by Reveno Evidence

Full citation with URL and access date

Reveno Evidence (2026). Between the 2026 rounds, turnout fell in all 7 Northern states and rose in 18 of the other 20 [Data set]. Evidence Studies no. 001, by Thiago Holtz. Source data: Brazil's Superior Electoral Court (TSE), cases BR-PRES-2026 and BR-PRES-2022. Manifests SHA-256 890aa5af22204752 and 9bf8dbdc34a88f3d. Retrieved November 5, 2026, from https://evidence.reveno.com.br/en/studies/turnout-between-rounds-2026/

BibTeX

@misc{reveno_evidence_estudo_001,
  author = {{Reveno Evidence}},
  title = {Between the 2026 rounds, turnout fell in all 7 Northern states and rose in 18 of the other 20},
  year = {2026},
  publisher = {Reveno},
  url = {https://evidence.reveno.com.br/en/studies/turnout-between-rounds-2026/},
  urldate = {2026-11-05},
  note = {Evidence Studies no. 001, by Thiago Holtz. Source data: Brazil's Superior Electoral Court (TSE), cases BR-PRES-2026 and BR-PRES-2022. Manifests SHA-256 890aa5af22204752 and 9bf8dbdc34a88f3d}
}

The access date is filled in with the date of this version of the page; replace it with the date you accessed it.

When you use a number, also cite the source file: id, URL and SHA-256 are in the sources table.

Text, figures and calculations of this study: CC BY 4.0, with attribution to Reveno Evidence and a link to this page. Source data: Brazil's Superior Electoral Court (TSE), public data, under the court's terms.

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